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Systematic Theology

The organized study of Christian doctrine—integrating Scripture, tradition, reason, and experience into coherent understanding.

Christology

The doctrine of Christ—who Jesus is and what he accomplished. Christology is the heart of Christian theology; all roads lead to and from Christ.

The Incarnation is the central mystery: the eternal Logos became flesh. Chalcedon defined the faith: one person, two natures—fully God and fully man, without confusion, change, division, or separation.

  • Incarnation: The eternal Son became human—fully God and fully man. The Word became flesh and dwelt among us. God entered His creation.
  • Atonement: Christ's death reconciles sinners to God. Multiple models illuminate this mystery: substitution, victory, example, satisfaction, recapitulation.
  • Resurrection: Christ rose bodily from the dead—the foundation of Christian hope. If Christ is not raised, our faith is in vain. But He is raised.
  • Ascension and Session: Christ ascended to the Father's right hand, where He reigns and intercedes. He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead.

Soteriology

The doctrine of salvation—how God saves sinners. Salvation is the application of Christ's work to individuals and ultimately to all creation.

The ordo salutis—the order of salvation—includes calling, regeneration, faith, justification, adoption, sanctification, and glorification. All is by grace, through faith, for God's glory.

  • Grace: Salvation is by grace through faith—not by works. Grace is God's unmerited favor, His free gift to those who deserve judgment.
  • Justification: Sinners are declared righteous through faith in Christ. This is forensic—a legal declaration based on Christ's righteousness imputed to us.
  • Sanctification: Believers are progressively transformed into Christ's likeness. This is the work of the Spirit, making us actually holy, not just declared holy.
  • Glorification: The final state of the redeemed—resurrection bodies, perfect holiness, eternal life in God's presence. The beatific vision: seeing God face to face.

Related Papers

1 paper in Systematic Theology